WHAT DOES THAT TERM MEAN?

Have you wondered what certain things mean when you come across them? See below for a list of basics.

F1, F2, F3, F2X, etc? Check this graphic for a visual representation of this.

Embark/Embarked: This is a term that means that the dog has had it's cheek swabbed and this test has been ran by Embarkvet.com, a genetic DNA lab. This is a great way to determine who the parents are, what breeds are mixed in, and what diseases might show up in a puppy. Breeders rely on this test when considering their future dog mates.

OFA: This is a set of X-rays that certified veterinarians can perfect. This x-ray is then sent to the Orthopedic Foundation of Animals (OFA) to be given a grade. Dogs under 2 years of age are only allowed a preliminary grade. Dogs over age two, if they pass will receive a certificate and a unique registration number. OFA tests can be of the hips, elbows, and patellas (knees). PennHip is another type of test that can do hips/elbows/patellas.

CAER: This is a special eye test done under dilation that closely examines the dog's eyes for cataracts, glaucoma and other issues. CAER has a similar certification process as OFA does and is performed annually.

CHIC CERTIFICATION: If a breeder holds a CHIC certification, this means that they are in an elite national group that holds to a very high OFA testing standard.

Puppy Nanny: There is a 3rd party service that will pick up a puppy from a breeder, and fly the puppy in the cabin under their seat to the major US airport close to the purchaser. That rate generally runs $500-600.

Ground Transport: This is a 3rd party USDA licensed service that loads your puppy into a special van and brings the puppy to you. That rate generally runs $400-500.